鳞果星蕨属 lin guo xing jue shu
Plants small to medium sized, terrestrial when young and then climbing on tree trunks or rock surfaces. Rhizome long creeping up to 1 m or up to 23 m, densely scaly; scales reddish brown, transparent, lanceolate, clathrate, margin sparsely denticulate, long acuminate. Fronds distant; stipe present or fronds subsessile; laminae variable in shape, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or polymorphic, fronds on lower part of rhizome like Hedera leaves, toward apex becoming linear-lanceolate, base from cordate to truncate and narrowly cuneate; lamina herbaceous to papery, glabrous except for small clathrate scales on adaxial side of midribs; midribs prominent, veinlets not clear, anastomosing, free included veinlets simple or forked; sori small, round, densely scattered; paraphyses uniseriate, 36-celled or in part peltate (especially in young sori).
About two species, distributed mainly in central and southwest China, also to N Vietnam and East Himalayan regions.
Lepidomicrosorium species are easily confused with Microsorum superficiale but the latter has no peltate paraphyses on the sorus even when young.
1a. Frond normally under 10 cm, deltoid or lanceolate with deeply cordate or dilated base; texture thickly papery, venation obscure; rhizome with circumvascular sheaths in cortex ................... 1. L. buergerianum
1b. Frond generally more than 20 cm, base cuneate or attenuate; texture herbaceous, venation distinct; rhizome with circumvascular sheaths only or with circumvascular sheaths and scattered strands of sclerenchyma in cortex .................................................................................................. 2. L. subhemionitideum
鳞果星蕨 lin guo xin jue
Polypodium buergerianum Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 170. 1867; Lepidomicrosorium asarifolium Ching & K. H. Shing; L. brevipes Ching & K. H. Shing; L. emeicola Ching & K. H. Shing; L. hederaceum (H. Christ) Ching; L. lanceolatum Ching & P. S. Wang; L. latibasis Ching & K. H. Shing; L. subhastatum (Baker) Ching; L. subsessile Ching & K. H. Shing L. suijiangense Ching & W. M. Chu; L. yiliangense Ching & K. H. Shing; Leptochilus buergerianus Bosman; Microsorum buergerianum Ching; M. buergerianum f. laciniatum Ching; M. buergerianum var. ohwianum (Tagawa) Tagawa; M. ohwianum Tagawa; M. subhastatum (Baker) Ching; M. subhastatum var. longifrons (Takeda) Ching; Neolepisorus microsoroides W. M. Chu; Polypodium buergerianum var. stipitatum Takeda, nom. illegit. superfl.; P. hederaceum H. Christ; P. subhastatum Baker; P. subhastatum var. hederaceum (H. Christ) Takeda; P. subhastatum var. longifrons Takeda; P. superficiale var. chinense Rosenstock.
Rhizome long creeping and climbing, 1.52.5 mm in diam.; scales brown or dark brown, lanceolate, 1.54.5 Χ 0.51 mm, margin denticulate. Fronds distant, subsessile or with stipe up to 9 cm and stramineous; fronds polymorphic: fronds on ground or lower part of rhizome like leaves of Hedera, base cordate and auriculate, or truncate, or cuneate; fronds on upper parts of rhizome lanceolate, base rounded or decurrent; lamina 1020 cm, 1.55 cm wide at lower part, texture thickly papery, green, venation obscure, beneath with small scales on midribs; midribs prominent on both surfaces; sori superficial, round or in part elongate, occasionally in part confluent, 11.5 mm in diam., or[??] 22.5 mm long, scattered on adaxial surface of fertile leaves; paraphyses uniseriate, (3 or)4- or 5-celled or in part peltate (especially in young sori).
In forests, terrestrial, climbing on rocks or tree trunks; 4002000 m. Chongqing, Gansu, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan (Cheju Islands), N Vietnam].
Microsorum superficiale (Beddome) Ching, pro parte[??]
滇鳞果星蕨 dian lin guo xing jue
But Polypodium hymenodes Kunze, Linnaea 23: 279/319. 1850, the basionym, is also synonym under M. membranaceum this seems to be based on incorrect lectotypification of this name with Henry 9265B which was collected decades later & cant be lectotype, Kunze indicates Ind. Or. [peren.] c. H.V. Houtt. 1848 H.Lipps. 1849.
Rhizome long creeping and climbing, 14 mm. in diam.; scales brown, lanceolate, 1.55 Χ 0.51.5 mm, margin denticulate; fronds distant; stipe reddish brown or pale brown, up to 10 cm; lamina linear-lanceolate, 2540 cm, 2.55 cm wide at middle part, base cuneate or narrowly cuneate and decurrent, margin entire or undulate, apex acuminate to caudate; texture herbaceous, venation distinct, dark green, abaxially with few small scales on midribs; midribs prominent on both surfaces; sori superficial, round or oblong, sometimes in part confluent, 12 mm in diam., or[??] ca. 2.5 mm long, scattered on adaxial surface of fertile leaves; paraphyses uniseriate, (4 or)5 or 6-celled or in part peltate (especially in young sori).
There has been confusion between Lepidomicrosorium subhemionitideum and Polypodium hymenodes Kunze due to an unacceptable lectotypification of Kunzes name with the collection A. Henry 9265B, the type collection of Polypodium subhemionitideum, which was not collected until much later than Kunzes publication. Polypodium hymenodes is here included within Microsorum membranaceum (D. Don) Ching.
丝带蕨属 si dai jue shu
Plants epiphytic, small. Rhizomes short and decumbent, covered with lanceolate denticulate black scales. Fronds clustered; stipe articulate; lamina narrowly linear, similar to vittaria shape, firm, leathery, glabrous. Veins obscure, anastomosing, 1 or 2 rows of areolae on both sides of main vein and with a few included veinlets. Sori linear, continuous, located in a longitudinal groove on each side of main vein, close to main vein, covered with peltate paraphyses. Annuli consisting of 14(16) thickened cells. Spores bilateral, elliptic, transparent and smooth.
One species (endemic).
丝带蕨 si dai jue
Taenitis miyoshiana Makino, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 26. 1898; Drymotaenium nakaii Hayata; Lepisorus miyoshianus (Makino) Fraser-Jenkins & Subh. Chandra.
The characters are the same as the genus.
* On tree trunks in forest understories. Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
伏石蕨属 fu shi jue shu
Plants small, epiphytic. Rhizomes slender and creeping, covered with scales; scales ovate-lanceolate, entire or irregularly branched on lower part. Fronds sparse, dimorphic; stipe articulate; sterile fronds obovate or elliptic, entire, subfleshy, glabrous or subglabrous or sparsely covered with scales; fertile fronds linear or linear-oblanceolate. Veins reticulate, main vein obscure, free included veinlets usually toward main vein. Sori linear, parallel with main vein, contiguous, but normally apices of fronds sterile; paraphymas[??spelling] peltate, clathrate, denticulate at margin; annuluses[??spelling] of sporangia consisting of ca. 14 incrassate cells. Spores elliptic, monolete, transparent or subtransparent, in perispore. x = 12(36).
About six species [??where]; two species in China (one endemic).
Type species: Lemmaphyllum spathulatum C. Presl, original locality in Philippines (Luzon).
1a. Sterile fronds suborbicular or ovate-rounded, 1.63.5 Χ 1.21. 5 cm, nearly sessile or with stipes ca. 4 mm 1. L. microphyllum
1b. Sterile fronds narrowly elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 412 Χ 2.54 cm; stipes normally 1.55 cm 2. L. carnosum
伏石蕨 fu shi jue
Ferns small, epiphytic. Rhizomes slender and creeping, pale green, with sparse scales; scales clathrate, apices subulate, subrounded at lower parts, irregularly branched on both sides. Fronds remote, dimorphic; sterile fronds subsessile or with stipe 24 mm; lamina suborbicular or ovate-lanceolate, 1.62.5 Χ 1.21.5 cm, base rounded or broadly cuneate, entire; fertile fronds with stipe 38 mm; lamina regular or narrowly lanceolate, 3.56 Χ ca. 0.4 cm, margins recurved when dried. Veins reticulate, with simple included veinlets. Sori linear, located between main vein and margin, covered with paraphymas when young.
On trees trunks in forests or rocks of forest understories; 1001500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangsu, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, S Korea, Vietnam].
1a. Sterile frond suborbicular or ovate-rounded, base rounded or broadly cuneate, subsessile .. 1a. var. microphyllum
1b. Sterile frond ovate or obovate to narrowly rounded, base shortly cuneate and decurrent, with longer stipe ............................................................................................................. 1b. var. obovatum
伏石蕨(原变种) fu shi jue (yuan bian zhong)
Sterile fronds suborbicular or ovate-rounded, bases rounded or broadly cuneate, subsessile.
On tree trunks in forests or on rocks of forest understories; 1001500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, S Korea, Vietnam].
倒卵伏石蕨 dao luan fu shi jue
Drymoglossum carnosum J. Smith ex Hooker var. obovatum Harrington, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 33. 1877[??1878].
Sterile fronds ovate or obovate to narrowly rounded, bases shortly cuneate and decurrent, stipes longer.
· On tree trunks. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan.
肉质伏石蕨 rou zhi fu shi jue
[??basionym]; Drymoglossum carnosum (Wallich [ex Hooker]) J. Smith, Gen. Fil. [Hooker] t. 78 A. 1841.
Plant much taller than previous species. Sterile fronds broadly lanceolate, broadest at middle parts of lamina, ca. 10 Χ 2.53.8 cm, attenuate to both ends , base cuneate and decurrent, obtuse at apex; stipe 1.55 cm. Fertile fronds 1215 Χ ca. 0.4 cm.; stipes up to 8 cm.
· On tree trunks or rocks under forest; 15002900 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
骨牌蕨属 gu pai jue shu
Plants small, epiphytic. Rhizomes long creeping, thick as iron wire, pale green, with sparse clathrate scales or subglabrous. Fronds remote, fleshy, dimorphic or subdimorphic; stipes short or fronds subsessile; sterile fronds lanceolate to rounded, abaxial surface with sparse scales; fertile fronds narrowly lanceolate to shortly ligulate, after dried hard leathery, pale green. Venation reticulate, not obvious, usually with simple or forked included veinlets. Sori rounded, free, in one row along each side of main vein, covered with peltate paraphymas[??okay] when young, paraphymas clathrate denticulate at margin. Spores monolete, bilateral, experispore[??okay], exine thicker, outline undulate or serrate, irregularly foveolate by strait[??] observed. x = 13(36).
About eight species, one to N India and Myanmar; seven species in China (five endemic).
Type species: Lepidogrmmitis drymoglosssoides (Baker) Ching.
Included within Lemmaphyllum by Li Wang et al.
1a. Fronds monomorphic or sometimes dimorphic.
2a. Fronds monomorpic; lamina elliptic, apex obtuse, ca. 5 cm; stipe usually slender, short 1. L. rostrata
2b. Fronds sometimes dimorphic; sterile fronds ligulate-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate or sublinear 2. L. diversa
1b. Fronds obviously dimorphic.
3a. Sterile fronds subpyriform or narrowly ovate, bases rounded or rounded-cuneate 3. L. pyriformis
3b. Sterile fronds orbicular, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, bases cuneate.
4a. Sterile fronds usually orbicular or obovate; fertile fronds ligulate or oblanceolate 4. L. drymoglossoides
4b. Sterile fronds narrowly rounded or oblong-lanceolate; fertile fronds linear-lanceolate, linear, or loriform.
5a. Sterile fronds oblong; fertile fronds linear-lanceolate................................. 5. L. intermedia
5b. Sterile fronds oblong-lanceolate; fertile fronds linear or loriform.
6a. Sterile fronds oblong-lanceolate or elliptic; fertile fronds subloriform; sori attached near margin and protruded outside of margin at maturity ................................................. 6. L. adnascens
6b. Sterile fronds ovate-lanceolate or broadly ovate-lanceolate; sori attached at middle parts of lamina and protruded outside of margin at maturity ............................................. 7. L. elongata
骨牌蕨 gu pai jue
Pleopeltis rostrata Beddome, Ferns Brit. India t. 159. 1867; Lemmaphyllum rostratum (Beddome) Tagawa; Lepidogrammitis subrostrata Ching; Polypodium subrostratum C. Christensen.
Plants ca. 10 cm. tall. Rhizomes long creeping, thick, ca. 1 mm. in diam., green, covered with scales; scales subulate-lanceolate, denticulate at margin. Fronds remote, monomorphic; sterile fronds lanceolate or elliptic, 610 Χ 22.5 cm, fleshy, when dried leathery, pale brown, subglabrous on both surfaces, base cuneate and decurrent, entire, apex obtuse. Both sides of costae raised, veinlets slightly visible, with simple or forked included veinlets. Sori rounded, located usually above broadest parts of lamina, in one row on each side of main vein, covered with peltate paraphymas when young.
On tree trunks or rocks of forest understories; 2001700 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indo-China peninsula[??countries], Myanmar].
披针骨牌蕨 pi zhen gu pai jue
Polypodium diversum Rosenstock, Hedwigia 56: 346. 1915; Lemmaphyllum diversum (Rosenstock) Tagawa; Lemmaphyllum diversum (Rosenstock) De Vol & C. M. Cuo [??]; Lepidogrammitis christensenii Ching; L. christensenii (Ching) Ching; L. diversa (Rosenstock) Ching; L. kansuensis Ching; L. rostrata De Vol & Kou, [??not (Beddome) Ching (1964)].
Plants ca. 10 cm tall. Rhizomes slender and creeping, densely covered with scales; scales brown, subulate-lanceolate, margin serrate. Fronds remote, monomorphic or subdimorphic; stipe variable, straw-colored, 0.53 cm, smooth; sterile fronds not very different from fertile fronds, stipe 0.51.2 cm, lamina normally narrowly lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 3.58 Χ 0.50.8 cm, apex acute; fertile fronds much variable in outline, stipe 1.22 cm, lamina usually straplike-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 69 Χ 0.32.8 cm, when dried subleathery, brown, smooth, apex shortly acute; both sides of costa raised, veinlets not obvious. Sori rounded, in one row on each side of main vein, slightly near main vein.
· On rocks by forest margins or understories of thickets beside streams; 7001200 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang.
The whole plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine for inflammation, to eliminate wetness and stopping bleeding, for arthralgia due to wind wetness evil, and bleeding due to surgery, trauma, etc.
梨叶骨牌蕨 li ye gu pai jue
Polypodium pyriforme Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 2: 212. 1930[??1931]; Lemmaphyllum pyriforme (Ching) Ching.
Plants ca. 5 cm tall. Rhizomes long creeping, thick, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., covered with subulate-lanceolate, denticulate brown scales. Fronds remote, dimorphic; sterile fronds nearly sessile, pyriform to narrowly ovate, 35 Χ 1.52 cm, base subrounded or rounded-cuneate and decurrent, entire or slightly undulate, apex shortly acuminate; fertile fronds longer and narrower, sublanceolate, fleshy, when dried leathery, with sparse scales on abaxial surface, smooth on adaxial surface. Main vein obvious, veinlets not obvious. Sori rounded, in one row on each side of main vein and slightly close to main vein.
On rocks of forest understories; ca. 1900 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan [Japan].
The type specimen is from Hubei (Badong).
抱树莲 bao shu lian
Polypodium drymoglossoides Baker, J. Bot. 25: 170[??171]. 1887; Lemmaphyllum drymoglossoides (Baker) Ching.
Rhizomes slender and creeping, covered with subulate-lanceolate, denticulate, brown scales. Fronds remote, dimorphic; sterile fronds elongate to ovate, 12 cm or slightly longer, base cuneate, subsessile, entire, apex rounded or obtuse-rounded; fertile fronds ligulate or oblanceolate, 36 cm, less than 1 cm wide, base attenuate, subsessile or shortly stipitate; sometimes same shape as sterile ones, fleshy, when dried leathery, with sparse scales on abaxial surface, smooth on adaxial surface. Sori rounded, in one row on each side of main vein, located between main vein and margin.
· On shaded wet tree trunks or rocks; 2001400 m. Widely distributed in provinces of Changjiang Valley: Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Shanxi.
The type specimen is from Hubei.
The whole plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine to cool the blood, to remove toxic materials, and to treat scrofula, etc.
中间骨牌蕨 zhong jian gu pai jue
Lemmaphyllum intermedium (Ching) Li Wang.
Plants 37(10) cm tall. Rhizomes slender and creeping, with sparse subulate-lanceolate, denticulate brown scales. Fronds remote, dimorphic; sterile fronds elongate to lanceolate, 36 Χ 0.82 cm, attenuate to both ends , base cuneate and decurrent, entire, obtuse or rounded-obtuse at apex, stipe ca. 2 mm; fertile fronds narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate , 4.88 Χ ca. 0.5 cm, after dried subleathery, with sparse scales on abaxial surface, obtuse at apex. Main vein obviously raised on both sides, veinlets obscure. Sori rounded, in one row on each side of main vein, sori sometimes convergent when mature, but protruding outside margin of frond.
· On rocks of forest understories; 8001200 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The type specimen is from Sichuan (Baoxin).
贴生骨牌蕨 tie sheng gu pai jue
Lemmaphyllum adnascens Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 4: 101. 1933.
Rhizomes long creeping, thick, ca. 1 mm in diam., covered with subulate-lanceolate, denticulate brown scales. Fronds remote, 34 cm apart, dimorphic. Sterile fronds narrowly lanceolate to elliptic, stipe 115 cm, lamina 410 Χ 11.5 cm, fleshy, grayish green on adaxial surface, with sparse scales on abaxial surface, slightly recurved when dried, base cuneate and decurrent, apex rounded-obtuse; fertile fronds much longer, strongly attenuate, linear, 816 Χ ca. 0.5 cm, obtuse at apex, stipe 23 cm. Main vein raised on both sides, veinlets obscure. Sori large, elliptic, ones on lower parts up to 34 mm, ones on upper parts shorter, dense, not convergent and spreading to end of lamina, located between main vein and margin and close to margin, protruding outside of lamina at maturity.
* Sichuan (Guanxian).
长叶骨牌蕨 chang ye gu pai jue
not mentioned by Li Wang et al.
Plants ca. 10 cm tall. Rhizomes slender and creeping, covered with subulate-lanceolate, denticulate brown scales. Fronds remote, dimorphic; sterile fronds with stipe ca. 2 mm, lamina usually broadly lanceolate, 68 Χ 1.52. 5 cm, apex shortly hebetate[??], pale brown, with sparse scales on abaxial surface; fertile fronds narrowly lanceolate, stipe 0.54 cm, 511 mm wide at middle, brown, when dried pale brown, hard leathery, apex shortly hebetate. Main vein raised on both sides, veinlets obscure. Sori rounded, in one row on each side of main vein, some convergent at maturity, but protruding outside of margin of lamina.
· On rocks of forest understories; 13002200 m. Guizhou, Hubei, Shanxi, Sichuan.
The type specimen is from Guizhou (Qinzhen).
高平蕨属 gao ping jue shu
Zhang Xian-Chun (张宪春); A. R. Smith
Rhizomes long-creeping, filiform, sparingly branched, approximately terete, dorsiventral with two rows of dorsal fronds, rather sparsely set with roots, not ant-inhabited, densely scaly; scales dark red-brown, lacking hairs at bases (non-comose), acicular and nearly entire from peltately attached, clathrate, dentate bases. Fronds shortly stipitate to nearly sessile; stipe lacking obvious articulation lines or swellings at bases, with scales similar to those of lamina; lamina herbaceous to papery, monomorphic to slightly dimorphic in size and shape (sterile seemingly often shorter and more rounded at base, but equaling fertile in width), narrowly elliptic (fertile) to ovate (sterile), dark green-brown when dried, stellate hairs lacking, densely scaly on both sides with persistent red-brown, hairlike scales; scales with peltate, clathrate, laciniate-margined bases and very long, uniformly red-brown, non-clathrate dentate to laciniate tips. Venation: midribs distinct, sclerenchymatous (darkened, but hidden by red-brown scales), main lateral veins indistinct or distinct only in basal 1/5 or less in cleared fronds, 1013 per side, anastomosing and forming irregular areoles (one row of large areoles adjacent to midrib, 02 additional rows of smaller areoles toward margins, areoles with occasional free veinlets, these simple (not forked), almost always recurrent, immersed, not or only faintly visible adaxially, hydathodes lacking. Sori in single rows within larger areoles, midway between midrib and each margin, round, not confluent, ± obscured by acicular scales especially when sporangia are immature. Sporangia stalked, lacking paraphyses, with 1619 indurate annulus cells, mixed with acicular scales; spores monolete, whitish, papillate to rugose.
Caobangia is a monotypic genus, closely related to Lepidogrammitis Ching; Caobangia was included within Lemmaphyllum by Li Wang et al. (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 162: 36. 2010).
高平蕨 gao ping jue
Lemmaphyllum squamatum (A. R. Smith & X. C. Zhang) Li Wang (2010), [not L. squamosum C. Christensen (1929)].
Rhizomes 11.5 mm diam., 25 cm between stipe bases, densely covered with many ascending and outwardly curved, overlapping scales; scales dark red-brown, acicular from a clathrate, laciniate, peltate base, 58 Χ 0.40.8 mm, scale tips uniseriate for 12 mm. Fronds up to 7.5 Χ 1.8 cm; stipe mostly 120 mm, with scales similar to those of lamina; lamina entire, monomorphic or slightly dimorphic in size and shape. Sterile lamina 14 Χ 11.5 cm; fertile lamina 48 Χ 11.8 cm, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, base cuneate, apex rounded; sterile fronds broadly elliptic to broadly oblong, acute at base, rounded at tip, ca. 1/2 length of fertile fronds or less, densely covered (but some laminar tissue visible between overlapping scales) on both sides with persistent, hairlike scales, these red-brown, mostly 510 mm, acicular from peltate, clathrate, dentate-margined bases; acicular tips uniformly red-brown and non-clathrate, with up to ca. 10 teeth per side; teeth up to 0.3 mm, scales extending up to 5 mm beyond lamina margins, curved and ascending to spreading. Sori in single rows midway between midrib and each margin, round, up to ca. 10 on each side of midrib, up to 2 mm in diam., obscured by acicular scales.
On limestone ridges, rare, epipetric on slightly shaded limestone rocks; ca. 800 m. Guangxi [N Vietnam].
瘤蕨属 liu jue shu
[##]; H. Nooteboom
Phymatodes C. Presl, Tent. Pterid. 195. 1836 (nom. illegit.); Phymatodes sect. Euphymatodes Ching, Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 2(3): 56. 1933.
Plants epiphytic or terrestrial. Rhizome long-creeping, fleshy, scaly; scales brown, dark brown, or nearly black, orbicular, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, usually thin, peltate, distinctly clathrate. Fronds remote, articulate to rhizome at base. Stipe usually straw-colored, scaly at base, glabrous upward. Lamina deeply pinnatipartite or pinnate, rarely simple, lobes broadly lanceolate, herbaceous or leathery, both surfaces glabrous, margin entire; apex acuminate or obtuse; veins anastomosing to form areoles with simple or forked included veinlets. Sori round or oblong, in one row on each side of midrib or irregularly scattered on either side of midrib, superficial or immersed on abaxial surface and raised on adaxial surface, without paraphyses. Spores yellow, ellipsoidal, surface shallowly and coarsely rugose. [??x] n = 36, 37; 2n = 72, 74.
About 13 species: Old World tropics, neophytes in tropical America; six species in China (one endemic).
1a. Lamina pinnate, rachis terete except sometimes for narrowly winged apical portion; pinnae mostly with distinct stalks ............................................................................................................... 1. P. cuspidatus
1b. Lamina simple or pinnatipartite to pinnatisect and bases of lateral lobes merging into broadly winged rachis.
2a. Lamina simple, ovate; stipe slender (ca. 1 mm in diam.) ....................................... 2. P. lanceus
2b. Lamina pinnatipartite or pinnatisect.
3a. Lamina with lateral lobes (10)2030(40) pairs ...................................... 3. P. longissimus
3b. Lamina with lateral lobes usually 310 pairs.
4a. Texture papery, dark green; veins distinct on both surfaces .............. 4. P. membranifolius
4b. Texture leathery, yellowish green; veins obscure on both surfaces.
5a. Rhizome 35 mm in diam.; scales ovate-lanceolate with apex acuminate, margin toothed; sori in one row or in two irregular rows on each side of costa ............................ 5. P. scolopendria
5b. Rhizome 610 mm in diam.; scales rounded, margin entire; sori in one row on each side of midrib 6. P. hainanensis
光亮瘤蕨 guang liang liu jue
Polypodium cuspidatum D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 2. 1825 [not C. Presl. (1825)]; Microsorium cuspidatum (D. Don) Tagawa; M. lucidum (Roxburgh) Copeland; Phymatodes cuspidata (D. Don) J. Smith; P. lucida (Roxburgh) Ching; Phymatosorus lucidus (Roxburgh) Pichi Sermolli; Polypodium lucidum Roxburgh (1844), [not Richard (1792)].
Rhizome pale green, 1020 mm in diam., sparsely scaly; scales dark brown at center, paler toward margin, circular, peltate, clathrate, entire. Stipe straw colored, 3050 cm, glabrous except for scaly base. Lamina imparipinnate, 3050 Χ 2025 cm; rachis terete; lateral pinnae 815 pairs, ± ascending, linear-lanceolate, 1520(25) Χ 23.5 cm, herbaceous or leathery, both surfaces glabrous; base cuneate with 510 mm stalk, margin entire, apex acuminate to attenuate; midrib raised on both surfaces, straw-colored; veinlets obscure. Sori round, in one row on each side of costa, medial, nearly superficial. Spore surface with minute spheres.
Epiphytic on dry rocks or on tree trunks; 2001600 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
矛叶瘤蕨 mao ye liu jue
Phymatodes lancea Ching & C. H. Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 153[??170]. 1959.
Rhizome dark brown, 58 mm diam., sparsely scaly; scales ovate, 22.5 mm, peltate, clathrate, base cordate, apex obtuse. Stipe brown, 4.57 cm, ca. 1 mm in diam.. Lamina simple, oblong, 1012 Χ 22.2 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex obtuse; midrib raised on both surfaces, lateral veins slender and obscure, veinlets obscure. Sori round, in one row on each side of midrib, abaxially immersed and adaxially raised.
* Epiphytic on tree trunks. Hainan.
多羽瘤蕨 duo yu liu jue
Polypodium longissimum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 127. 1828; Colysis longissima (Blume) J. Smith; Microsorium rubidum (Kunze) Copeland; Phymatodes longissima (Blume) J. Smith; Phymatosorus suisha-stagnalis (Hayata) Pichi Sermolli; Pleopeltis longissima (Blume) T. Moore; Polypodium rubidum Kunze; P. suisha-stagnale Hayata.
Rhizome 810 mm in diam., sparsely scaly; scales ovate-lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, peltate, clathrate, base rounded, margin irregularly toothed, apex acuminate. Stipe straw-colored, 35100 cm, up to 10 mm in diam. near base, glabrous, upper portion winged. Lamina pinnatifid or pinnatisect at lower portion, oblong in outline, 40100(130) Χ 2530(50) cm; lateral lobes (10)2030(40) pairs, ascending, linear-lanceolate, usually 812 Χ 12.5 cm, herbaceous or leathery, both surfaces glabrous, base slightly narrowed and decurrent to rachis, margin entire or crisped, apex acuminate or obtuse; lateral veins and veinlets obscure, areoles with included veinlets. Sori round to ellipsoidal, in one row on each side of midrib, slightly nearer to midrib, abaxially immersed and adaxially raised.
In rather wet places at low elevations. Hainan, Hongkong, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Polynesia].
显脉瘤蕨 xian mai liu jue
Polypodium membranifolium R. Brown, Prodr.: 147. 1810; Microsorum membranifolium (R. Brown) Ching; M. nigrescens (Blume) Copeland; Phymatodes nigrescens (Blume) J. Smith; P. nigrescens var. variabilis (Ching) C. Christensen & Tardieu; P. variabilis Ching; Phymatosorus nigrescens (Blume) Pichi-Sermolli; P. variabilis (Ching) Pichi-Sermolli; Pleopeltis nigrescens (Blume) Carriθre[??Carruth.]; Polypodium nigrescens Blume.
Rhizome 1015 mm in diam., scaly; scales brown, circular or oblong, peltate, thin, margin irregularly toothed, apex rounded. Stipe straw-colored, 3040(50) cm, ca. 5 mm in diam., glabrous. Lamina usually pinnatifid, rarely pinnately ternate, dark green, 5080 Χ 3040 cm, or simple, 1525 Χ 45 cm; lateral lobes usually (2 or)310(12) pairs, ascending, broadly lanceolate, 1520 Χ 34 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, base somewhat narrowed, margin subentire, apex caudate-acuminate; veins all distinct, areoles with forked included veinlets. Sori round, ca. 4 mm in diam., in one row on each side of midrib, medial, abaxially distinctly hollow and adaxially distinctly raised.
Terrestrial or on rocks in tropical rain forests; 2001200 m. Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Polynesia].
Beddome (Ferns S. Ind. pl. 176. 1864) named material of Phymatosorus membranifolius as Pleopeltis longissima (Blume) T. Moore.
瘤蕨 liu jue
Polypodium scolopendria N. L. Burman, Fl. Ind.: 232. 1768; Chrysopteris phymatodes (Linnaeus) Link; Drynaria phymatodes (Linnaeus) Fιe; D. vulgaris (C. Presl) J. Smith; Microsorum scolopendria (N. L. Burman) Copeland; Phymatodes phymatodes (Linnaeus) Maxon, nom. illegit.; P. scolopendria (Burman) Ching; P. vulgaris C. Presl; Pleopeltis phymatodes (Linnaeus) T. Moore; Polypodium phymatodes Linnaeus.
Rhizome 35 mm in diam., sparsely scaly; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, peltate, clathrate, margin toothed, apex long acuminate. Stipe straw-colored or light chestnut, usually 2030 cm, glabrous. Lamina usually pinnatifid, 3545 Χ 3035 cm, rarely simple or pinnately 3-lobed, rachis with wings about as wide as lobes; lateral lobes usually 35 pairs, lanceolate, 1220 Χ 23 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; midrib raised on both surfaces, veins indistinct, areoles with many included veinlets ending in raised point. Sori round, in one row or two irregular rows on each side of midrib, abaxially deeply hollowed and adaxially distinctly raised. Spore surface minutely echinate.
On rocks or on tree trunks at low elevations. Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan [India, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Polynesia].
阔鳞瘤蕨 kuo lin liu jue
Microsorum hainanense Nooteboom, Blumea 42: 325. 1997.
Rhizome 610 mm in diam., sparsely to densely scaly; scales dark brown, circular, ca. 4 Χ 4 mm, peltate, clathrate, margin irregularly obscurely toothed. Stipe straw-colored, 2030 cm, glabrous. Lamina pinnatifid, 3040 Χ 1520 cm, or 3-lobed, base broadly cuneate, rachis with wings about as wide as lobes; lateral lobes usually 25 pairs, lanceolate, 1015 Χ 23 cm, leathery, abaxially with very sparse and very small black scales, adaxially glabrous, margin entire, apex acute or obtuse; midrib raised on both surfaces, without lateral veins, areoles with included veinlets. Sori round, large, in one row on either side of costa, slightly nearer to midrib, abaxially sunken and adaxially raised.
Forests, on tree trunks or rocks; sea level up to 900 m. Hainan [India, Vietnam].
星蕨属 xing jue shu
Plants medium sized, mainly epiphytic or epipetric, rarely terrestrial. Rhizome thick, fleshy, white waxy or not, creeping, with peltate or pseudopeltate clathrate or subclathrate scales. Fronds dimorphic or not, simple or pinnatifid; lamina leathery or herbaceous, veinlets anastomosing, free included veinlets forked, hydathode; sori scattered and sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins, often some connate, elongate on veinlets, without scalelike paraphyses. Spores verrucate or irregularly rugate.
About 40 species: mainly in tropical Asia, few to Africa; nine species in China (one endemic).
1a. Fronds normally pinnate or forked, sometimes simple.
2a. Fronds normally pinnate, occasionally trilobate or simple; stipes and midribs abaxially not scaly; spores covered with abundant globules .......................................................................... 8. M. insigne
2b. Fronds normally trilobate or simple; stipes and midribs abaxially scaly; spores covered with abundant globules and irregular spines ............................................................................ 9. M. pteropus
1b. Fronds simple, entire, lanceolate.
2a. Rhizome slender; fronds far apart.
3a. Scales appressed, ovate-deltoid, acuminate at apex ....................................... 3. M. fortunei
3b. Scales spreading; broadly lanceolate, gradually narrowing toward apex.
4a. Sori small, scattered on abaxial surface of fronds; veins obscure ............ 1. M. superficiale
4b. Sori large, 2
or 3 regular rows along main vein, close to main vein;
veins visible .......................................................................................... 2.
M. reticulatum
2b. Rhizome thick; fronds clustered.
5a. Lateral veins prominent, raised prominently, almost from main veins to margin.
6a. Fronds thinly herbaceous; stipe with edges, cross section nearly triangular; scales on rhizomes slightly spreading, ovate to triangular; sori small, scattered or irregularly confluent 4. M. membranaceum
6b. Fronds papery; stipe cylindric; scales on rhizomes prominently spreading, lanceolate; sori large, in 2 regular rows between adjacent main veins .................................................... 5. M. zippelii
5b. Lateral veins obscure.
7a. Fronds linear-lanceolate, gradually narrowed toward apex; scales on rhizome appressed or slightly spreading, broadly ovate, ca. 3 mm, broad at base, round, acuminate at apex; apical cell of paraphyses not enlarged .......................................................................................... 6. M. punctatum
7b. Fronds oblanceolate, acuminate at apex; scales on rhizome prominently spreading, lanceolate, 34 mm, gradually narrowed toward apex; apical cell of paraphyses often large and curved 7. M. steerei
表面星蕨 biao mian xing jue
Colysis superficialis (Blume) J. Smith; Lepidomicrosorium angustifolium Ching & K. H. Shing; L. asarifolium Ching & K. H. Shing; L. brevipes Ching & K. H. Shing; L. caudifrons Ching & W. M. Chu ex Ching & K. H. Shing; L. crenatum Ching & K. H. Shing; L. emeicola Ching & K. H. Shing; L. emeiense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. hederaceum Ching & K. H. Shing; L. hongchungpingense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. huanense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. laojunense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. latibasis Ching & K. H. Shing; L. lineare Ching & K. H. Shing; L. longshengense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. microsoriodes Ching & K. H. Shing; L. nanchuanense Ching & Z. Y. Liu; L. sichuanense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. subhastatum (Baker) Ching & K. H. Shing; L. subsessile Ching & K. H. Shing; L. suijiangense Ching & W. M. Chu; L. undulatum Ching & P. S. Chiu ex Ching & K. H. Shing; L. yiliangense Ching & K. H. Shing; L. hongchunpingense Ching & K. H. Shing var. laceratum Ching & K. H. Shing; Leptochilus buergerianus (Miquel) Bosman; L. subhemionitideus (H. Christ) Bosman; Microsorum brachylepis (Baker) Nakaike; M. buergerianum (Miquel) Ching; M. buergerianum f. laciniatum Ching; M. hymenodes Ching var. marginale Ching; M. jinfoshanense Ching & Z. Y. Liu; M. masaskei H. Itτ; M. ohwianum Tagawa; M. ovalifolium Ching & S. K. Wu; M. rubripes Ching & Z. Y. Liu; M. simulans Ching & Z. Y. Liu; M. subhastatum (Baker) Ching; M. superficiale (Blume) Ching var. semilinearis C. B. Clarke; M. takhtajanii V. N. Tu; M. tibeticum Ching & S. K. Wu; Neocheiropteris ningpoensis (Baker) Bosman; N. subhastata (Baker) Tagawa; N. superficialis (Blume) Bosman; Neolepisorus microsorioides W. M. Chu; Phymatodes masaskei Nakai; Pleopeltis superficialis (Blume) Beddome; P. superficialis Beddome; P. superficialis var. latifrons Beddome; Polypodium brachylepis Baker; P. buergerianum Miquel; P. buergerianum var. ningpoense (Baker) Takeda; P. buergerianum var. stipitatum Takeda; P. chinense Mettenius; P. hederaceum H. Christ; P. hymenodes Kunze var. marginale Takeda; P. masaskei (Nakai) Ogata; P. nigrocinctum H. Christ; P. ningpoense Baker; P. subhastatum Baker; P. subhastatum var. hederaceum (H. Christ) Takeda; P. subhastatum var. longifrons Takeda; P. subhemionitideus H. Christ; P. superficiale var. anguinum H. Christ; P. superficiale var. attenuatum Rosenstock; P. superficiale var. chinense Rosenstock.
Rhizome 15 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened, not white waxy, bearing scales and hairs. Scales pseudopeltate, appressed or distinctly spreading or slightly spreading, ovate or narrowly ovate or triangular, 16.5 Χ 0.52.5 mm, margin entire or denticulate or dentate (sometimes with small triangular lobes), apex acute or rounded, clathrate, subclathrate, or clathrate except for hyaline marginal region, cells longitudinally rectangular, central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young or central region glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic. Lamina herbaceous to subleathery, simple, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate to narrowly deltoid to linear, 340(60) Χ 0.56 cm, base truncate-angustate to narrowly angustate, margin entire to sinuate to undulate, apex acute to acuminate. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins or in two (irregular) rows between each pair of veins (occasionally in part confluent), round (or in part slightly elongate), superficial or slightly immersed.
Epiphytic or epilithic; 2002000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Japan, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
网脉星蕨 wang mai xing jue
Rhizome long creeping and clambering, 23 mm in diam., densely scaly. Scales pseudopeltate, clathrate, yellow-brown, broadly lanceolate, 34 Χ 0.51 mm, margin dentate. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, 36 cm apart; stipe stramineous, 310 cm, scaly at base. Lamina broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 1535 Χ 47 cm, papery, base cuneate, margin entire, apex acute or caudate. Venation clear. Sori in 2 or 3 rows, parallel to costa.
· Epiphytic in lowland forests. Yunnan.
Microsorum reticulatum is similar to M. superficiale (Blume) Ching, but the laminae are very broad, and the venation very clear.
江南星蕨 jiang nan xing jue
Drynaria fortunei T. Moore, Gard. Chron. 708. 1855; Lepisorus fortunii (T. Moore) C. M. Kuo; L. undulatus Ching & Z. Y. Liu; Microsorum chinense (Mettenius ex Kuhn) Fraser-Jenkins; M. excelsum Ching & S. K. Wu; M. henryi (H. Christ) C. M. Kuo; M. takedai (Nakai) H. Itτ; Phymatodes takedai Nakai; Polypodium austrosinicum H. Christ ex C. Christensen; P. chinense Mettenius ex Kuhn; P. henryi H. Christ; P. normale D. Don var. polysorum Baker.
Rhizome 25 mm in diam., not white waxy. Scales pseudopeltate, appressed, ovate or triangular, 2.55 Χ 1.52 mm, margin entire or denticulate (basal margin often eroded), apex acute (but often broken), clathrate or subclathrate (but hyaline margin at base), cells longitudinally rectangular (toward apex), central region glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, herbaceous. Lamina simple, narrowly elliptic to linear, 2490 Χ 26 cm, base narrowly angustate, margin undulate, apex acute or acuminate; stipe present, 0.522 cm, 1.53.8 mm in diam. Veins ± immersed and instinct. Sori separate, in one (irregular) row parallel to costa, round, superficial or slightly immersed.
Epilithic or epiphytic often beside streams in forests; 3001800 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Vietnam].
膜叶星蕨 mo ye xing jue
Polypodium membranaceum D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 2. 1825; P. hymenodes Kunze; P. membranaceum var. grandifolium (Wallich ex H. Christ) Alderwerelt; P. transparens C. Presl ex Ettingshausen.
Rhizome creeping, thick, 310 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened or nearly cylindrical, not white waxy. Scales pseudopeltate, ovate or triangular, 1.59 Χ 13 mm, margin entire, apex acute, clathrate except for hyaline marginal region, central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, membranous. Lamina simple, ovate to elliptic or narrowly so to linear, (5)25110 Χ (1)515 cm, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acuminate; stipe up to 15 cm, 35 mm diam. Veins prominent and distinct. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins or some connate, elongate on veinlets, round or elongate, superficial or slightly immersed.
Epilithic, rarely epiphytic or terrestrial in evergreen or deciduous broad-leaved (sub)tropical forests, often in valleys or ravines; 8002600 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
The fronds of Microsorum membranaceum are shed seasonally.
显脉星蕨 xian mai xing jue
Polypodium zippelii Blume, Fl. Javae. Filic.: 172. 1829; Microsorum luzonicum (Copeland) Tagawa; Neocheiropteris zippelii (Blume) Bosman; Polypodium luzonicum Copeland (1906), not C. Presl (1825); P. oxyphyllum Kunze.
Rhizome shortly creeping, cylindrical, thick, 45 mm in diam., not white waxy. Scales 46 Χ 12 mm, margin denticulate to dentate, apex acute, clathrate or subclathrate, central region glabrous. Phyllopodia ± distinct, ca. 10 mm or more apart. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, herbaceous (to firmly herbaceous); stipe 0.88 cm, 0.83.2 mm in diam.; lamina simple, narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 4065 Χ 68 cm, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acuminate, abaxial surface without acicular hairs; veins prominent and distinct, 413 mm apart, ± straight or zigzag, dichotomously branched near margin, connecting veins 37 between adjacent secondary veins, catadromous, smaller veins ± immersed and indistinct, or prominent and distinct, variously anastomosing, free veinlets simple to once or twice forked. Sori 5 or 6, separate, in two (irregular) rows between each pair of veins (occasionally in part confluent), round, superficial or slightly immersed, on whole surface of lamina, predominantly on connective veins, absent in marginal areoles, generally present in costal areoles; paraphyses simple uniseriate hairs with glandular top cells.
Epiphytic, or epilithic on sandstone or limestone in dense wet, forests. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand].
星蕨 xing jue
Acrostichum punctatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2: 1524. 1763; Phymatodes lingulata C. Presl; Pleopeltis punctata (Linnaeus) Beddome; Polypodium lingulatum Swartz; P. punctatum (Linnaeus) Swartz.
Rhizome shortly creeping, nearly cylindrical, thick, 48 mm in diam., white waxy beneath scales. Scales pseudopeltate (sometimes peltate), appressed or slightly spreading, ovate or narrowly ovate or triangular, 1.58 Χ 0.53 mm, margin entire to denticulate to dentate, apex acute, clathrate or subclathrate, cells small, ± isodiametric or cells longitudinally rectangular, central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young or central region glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, herbaceous to subleathery (sometimes leathery). Lamina simple, narrowly obovate or narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic to linear, 10175[??] Χ 1.515 cm, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part to cuneate-angustate or truncate to obtuse to cordate, auriculate, margin entire or undulate, apex acute to acuminate to rounded; stipe present or absent and lamina decurrent to its base. Veins ± immersed and indistinct, or prominent and distinct. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins or some connate, elongate on veinlets, round or elongate, superficial or slightly immersed, on whole surface of lamina or absent from basal parts, mostly irregularly scattered on smallest veinlets.
Epiphytic, but also epilithic or terrestrial in various types of forests, sometimes in savanna but also in wet places. Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Palaeotropics and subtropics].
广叶星蕨 guang ye xing jue
Polypodium steerei Harrington, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 32. 1877, [1878]; P. aspidistrifrons Hayata; P. playfairii Baker; P. tonkinense Baker.
Rhizome nearly cylindrical, 35 mm in diam., (often) white waxy beneath scales. Scales pseudopeltate, apically densely set, otherwise sparsely set, distinctly spreading, narrowly ovate or triangular, 2.548[??] Χ 0.51.5 mm, margin denticulate, clathrate or subclathrate, central region glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, subleathery. Lamina simple, narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate to linear, 1040 Χ 1.55 cm, index[??] 617, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acuminate; stipe up to 7 cm, 0.51.5 mm in diam. Veins ± immersed and indistinct, or immersed and distinct. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins, round, superficial or slightly immersed.
On limestone rocks in lowland forests. Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan [Vietnam].
羽裂星蕨 yu lie xing jue
Polypodium insigne Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 127. 1828; Colysis dilatata (Beddome) J. Smith; C. insigne (Blume) J. Smith; Kaulinia dilatata (Beddome[??Wallich ex Hooker]) B. K. Nayar & Kaur; K. hancockii (Baker) B. K. Nayar; Microsorum dilatatum (Beddome) Sledge; M. dilatatum f. dilatatum Ching; M. dilatatum f. simplex (Ching) Ching; M. hancockii (Baker) Ching; M. hancockii f. simplex Ching; Pleopeltis dilatata Beddome; P. insignis (Blume) Beddome; Polypodium anceps (H. Christ) C. Christensen; P. dilatatum Wallich ex Hooker; P. europhyllum C. Christensen; P. hancockii Baker; Selliguea anceps H. Christ.
Rhizome 211 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened or nearly cylindrical, not white waxy. Scales pseudopeltate, apically densely set, otherwise sparsely set, appressed or distinctly spreading, ovate or narrowly ovate or triangular, (2)2.57.5 Χ 0.52.5(3) mm, margin entire to denticulate (occasionally with small triangular lobes), clathrate or subclathrate, central region glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous; lamina simple or pinnatifid, simple lamina narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, 2.565 Χ 0.56.5 cm, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate; stipe 010 cm, terete or carinate, lamina decurrent to its base. Lamina of dissected frond 8110 Χ 355 cm, widest below middle to near middle, 0.55 cm wide between lobes at place of longest lobes, lobes 112(14) on each side, longest lobes widest at base to widest about middle; apical lobe similar to upper lateral lobes or shorter to longer than upper lateral lobes. Veins prominent and distinct, smaller veins ± immersed and indistinct, variously anastomosing, free veinlets simple or once forked. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins or some connate, elongate on veinlets, round or elongate, superficial or slightly immersed.
Usually epilithic, sometimes epiphytic, in primary and secondary forests, in or along streams or waterfalls, in undergrowth of shrubs, twice reported from caves, shaded, mossy, muddy, and wet places; 600800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Sometimes the laminae of Microsorum insigne are simple, not lobed; the stipes are terete to carinate but there are no other corresponding morphology and distribution patterns supporting the separation of these plants as two species.
有翅星蕨 you chi xing jue
Polypodium pteropus Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 125, add. 3. 1828; Colysis pteropus (Blume) Bosman; Kaulinia pteropus (Blume) B. K. Nayar; K. pteropus var. minor (Beddome) B. K. Nayar & S. Kaur; K. zosteriformis (Mettenius) B. K. Nayar & S. Kaur; Microsorum brassii Copeland; M. paucijugum (Alderwerelt) K. Iwatsuki & M. Kato; M. pteropus f. minor (Beddome) Ching; M. pteropus var. minor (Beddome) C. Christensen & Tardieu; M. pteropus var. zosteriformis (Beddome) S. Kaur & Subh. Chandra; M. zosteriforme Ching; Pleopeltis pteropus T. Moore; P. pteropus var. minor Beddome; P. zosteriformis Beddome; Polypodium aquaticum H. Christ; P. paucijugum Alderwerelt; P. pteropus var. minor (Beddome) Y. C. Wu, K. Wong & Pong; P. raapii Alderwerelt; P. tridactylon Wallich ex Hooker & Greville; P. udum H. Christ; P. zosteriforme Wallich ex Mettenius.
Rhizome 0.55 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened, not white waxy. Scales pseudopeltate, narrowly ovate or triangular, 1.55 Χ 0.41 mm, margin entire, apex acute, clathrate or subclathrate, central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous to membranous; stipe present, up to 12 cm, 12 mm in diam.; lamina simple, forked, trifid or pinnatifid, narrowly elliptic, 3.530 Χ 0.25.5 cm, abaxial surface often densely covered with clavate hairs, base narrowly angustate and winged on stipe for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate; veins prominent and distinct, 37 mm apart, ± straight or zigzag, dichotomously branched near margin to about middle, connecting veins 16 between adjacent secondary veins, anadromous, smaller veins ± immersed and indistinct, or prominent and distinct, each main areole usually including a number of smaller areoles, smaller veins variously anastomosing, free veinlets simple or once or twice forked. Sori separate, not in one or two rows between each pair of veins and not in one row parallel to costa, sometimes forming 28 irregular rows between veins, round (in part elongate), superficial or slightly immersed, irregularly scattered, absent in marginal areoles, generally absent from costal areoles; paraphyses simple, uniseriate hairs with glandular top cells.
Along or in streams, often under water in rainy season; 4001200 m. Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
Microsorum pteropus sometimes has the sori more or less in one row between the veins. The venation consists of large areoles extending nearly to the margin on both sides of the costa.
线蕨属 xian jue shu
Plants epilithic, terrestrial, or epiphytic, sometimes low climbing, small to medium-sized, with long creeping rhizome; scales pseudopeltate or peltate, dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, clathrate, entire or slightly toothed. Fronds remote, articulate, monomorphic or dimorphic; lamina simple, entire, palmately lobed, digitate, pinnatifid, or pinnate with pinnae adnate to rachis, (thinly) herbaceous to subleathery; veins anastomosing, secondary veins prominent, almost reaching margin; usually two, sometimes more rows of areoles between adjacent secondary veins, with ex- or recurrent free veins; fertile fronds usually similar to sterile ones or sometimes smaller and (much) contracted. Sori usually between adjacent secondary veins, rounded or elongate to linear, sporangia rarely acrostichoid; spores hyaline to light brown, ellipsoidal, aperture 1/43/4 of spore length; surface shallowly tuberculate, usually plane with abundant spherical deposits, sometimes with short echinate elements. [??x] n =36, 2n = 72, 108, 144, 216.
About 20 indistinct species: Asia; ten species in China (three endemic).
Most species have linear sori on tertiary veins parallel to secondary veins, or round to elongate sori in Colysis hemionitidea (Wallich ex Mettenius) C. Presl. The delimitation between Colysis and Leptochilus is not obvious and the two genera have been merged together by Nooteboom.
1b. Fronds pinnatifid or digitately lobed.
9a. Fronds normally pinnate or pinnatifid ................................................................. 9. C. elliptica
9b. Fronds digitately lobed or sometimes 2- or 3-forked ........................................ 10. C. digitata
1a. Fronds simple, entire or ± irregularly laciniate.
2b. Fronds hastate, laciniate-lobed at lower part above decurrent base.
8a. Fronds broadly deltoid-lanceolate or hastate, frequently with 1 or 2 pairs of lanceolate, horizontally spreading lobes, or sometimes regularly lobed-laciniate with 5 or 6 linear-lanceolate lobes on each side, papery or herbaceous, surface glabrous, abaxial surface with sparse scales when young ......... 7. C. hemitoma
8b. Fronds deltoid-lanceolate, with 13 pairs of irregularly laciniate lobes, papery, glabrous on each side 8. C. Χshintenensis
2a. Fronds entire and slightly undulate.
3a. Sori round to elongate, interrupted.
4a. Fertile fronds monomorphic; stipes 14 cm ......................................... 1. C. hemionitidea
4b. Fertile fronds dimorphic; stipes 410 cm ............................................... 2. C. diversifolia
3b. Sori linear, continuous.
5a. Leaves dimorphic ................................................................................ 3. C. pedunculata
5b. Leaves monomorphic.
6a. Lamina abaxial surface with small scales and scale-shaped soral paraphyses 4. C. wrightii
6b. Lamina abaxial surface without small scales and scale-shaped soral paraphyses.
7a. Fronds elliptical or ovate-lanceolate; lamina normally rather abruptly narrowed below middle, thick in context[??], venation indistinct ............................................................. 5. C. henryi
7b. Fronds narrowly linear; lamina gradually decurrent nearly to base, herbaceous, venation distinct 6. C. leveillei
断线蕨 duan xian jue
Polypodium hemionitideum Wallich ex Mettenius, Farngatt. 112. 1856; Colysis hemionitidea C. Presl; Drynaria hemionitidea J. Smith; Leptochilus hemionitideus (Wallich ex Mettenius) Nooteboom; Microsorum ensato-sessilifrons (Hayata) H. Itτ; M. hemionitideum Copeland; Pleopeltis hemionitidea T. Moore; Polypodium ensato-sessilifrons Hayata; Selliguea hemionitidea C. Presl.
Rhizome 24 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened; scales pseudopeltate, narrowly ovate or triangular, 24 Χ 0.71.2 mm, margin denticulate, clathrate or subclathrate, central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young or glabrous. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous. Lamina simple, narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, 2860 Χ 38.5 cm, abaxial surface without acicular hairs, base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part, margin entire, apex acute or acuminate. Veins prominent and distinct, (6)7.614 mm apart, ± straight, dichotomously branched near margin, connecting veins 47 between adjacent veins, anadromous, smaller veins prominent and distinct, free veinlets simple or once forked, number of secondary order areoles between two veins generally 24. Sori separate, one row of sori in one line close together between each pair of veins (often 2 or 3 connate), round or elongate, superficial or slightly immersed, absent from basal parts for 0.30.5 of total length of lamina, 14(7) per veinlet.
Terrestrial on stones in streams, in dry evergreen forests, on wet ground in stream beds in dense forests, locally common; 7002000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, Thailand].
异叶线蕨 yi ye xian jue
Colysis Χ beddomei Manickam & Irudayaraj.
Rhizome long creeping, reddish brown, densely scaly. Scales reddish brown, peltate, ovate-lanceolate, base subrounded, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds distant, monomorphic to dimorphic, sometimes fertile fronds also dimorphic; stipe 410 cm, narrowly winged; lamina broadly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3050 Χ 37 cm, base long decurrent to base of stipes, apex acuminate; lateral veins prominent, veinlets forming 3 or 4 large areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or forked; lamina papery, glabrous. Sori round or oblong to linear, separate, definitely connate, 1 regular row between two lateral veins.
· 8001200 m. SE Yunnan.
The fertile fronds of Colysis diversifolia are of two kinds, sometimes like those of C. hemionitidea, and sometimes narrowed like those of Leptochilus decurrens. The plants might represent a hybrid between them.
长柄线蕨 chang bing xian jue
Ceterach pedunculatum Hooker & Greville, Icon. Filic. T. 5. 1827; Colysis intermedia Ching & Chu H. Wang; C. saxicola H. G. Zhou & Hua Li; C. wui Ching; Grammitis membranacea Blume; Leptochilus macrophyllus (Blume) Nooteboom var. pedunculatus (Hooker & Greville) Nooteboom; Polypodium bonii H. Christ; P. fluviatile Lauterbach; P. wui C. Christensen.
Rhizome slender, creeping, densely scaly, roots many. Scales brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.43.8 Χ 0.21 mm, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds subdimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 535 cm; lamina oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 1525 Χ 27 cm, abruptly narrowed at base and into narrow wings along stipe, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex acuminate or obtuse. [Lamina ??base] laterally oblique, veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets 1- or 2-forked. Sori linear, ranging from midvein to margin of lamina, 1 row between lateral veins.
On rocks in forests or terrestrial. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam].
褐叶线蕨 he ye xian jue
Gymnogramma wrightii Hooker & Baker, Sp. Fil. 5: 160. 1864, [Gymnogramme]; Colysis hokouensis Ching; C. longifrons Tagawa; C. megalolepis Tagawa; C. subsessilifolia Ching; C. wrightii f. laciniata Sa. Kurata; Leptochilus macrophyllus (Blume) Nooteboom var. wrightii (Hooker & Baker) Nooteboom.
Rhizome long creeping, densely scaly. Scales brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.46.2 Χ 0.21.2 mm, margin denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds distant; stipe short, 13 cm, or fronds subsessile; lamina oblanceolate, 2025 cm, 24.5 cm wide at middle, base decurrent into wings along stipe, margin shallowly undulate, apex acuminate to caudate. Lamina herbaceous, dark brown, adaxial side of midvein bearing small scales; veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or forked. Sori linear, 1 row between two adjacent lateral veins, from midvein up to margin of lamina.
In shaded forests, terrestrial or epiphytic; 1001000 m. Fujian, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Japan, Vietnam].
矩圆线蕨 ju yuan xian jue
Gymnogramma henryi Baker, J. Bot. 25: 171. 1887; Colysis lioui Ching, [liouiii]; Polypodium henryi (Baker) C. Christensen; Selliguea henryi H. Christ [Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 879. 1898].
Rhizome slender, long creeping; scales brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.75 Χ 0.22.1 mm, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds monomorphic, or subdimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 535 cm; lamina oval or ovate-lanceolate, 1550 Χ 311 cm, abruptly narrowed downward into narrow wings along stipe, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex acuminate or obtuse; veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or 1- or 2-forked. Sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins, up to margin of lamina.
· In shaded forests; 6001300 m. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
绿叶线蕨 lu ye xian jue
Selliguea leveillei H. Christ, Bull. Acad. Int. Gιogr. Bot. 236. 1906; Colysis leveillei f. angusta (C. Christensen) Ching; C. leveillei f. major (C. Christensen) Ching; Leptochilus macrophyllus [??] var. wrightii (Hooker & Baker) Nooteboom, p.p.; . Polypodium leveillei C. Christensen.
Rhizome slender, long creeping; scales brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.14.4 Χ 0.31 mm, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds monomorphic or slightly dimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 48 cm; lamina linear or linear-lanceolate, 2040 cm, 0.84 cm wide at middle, narrowed down from middle to base, margin slightly undulate, apex long acuminate or caudate; veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or forked. Sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins, up to margin of lamina.
· In wet forests; 4001300 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou.
Colysis leveillei is very similar to C. wrightii but without paraphyses.
胄叶线蕨 zhou ye xian jue
Polypodium hemitomum Hance, J. Bot. 21: 269. 1883; Colysis hemitoma f. integra Ching ex S. H. Fu; Leptochilus Χ hemitomus (Hance) Nooteboom, p.p.; P. cavalerieri Rosenstock.
Rhizome slender, long creeping; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, 14.6 Χ 0.21 mm, margin denticulate, apex long acuminate. Fronds monomorphic or slightly dimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe pale brown, 530 cm; laminae simple to irregularly lobed, ovate, broadly deltoid-lanceolate, or sagittate, 1025 cm, 315 cm wide at base, base truncate, or with one pair of long spreading basal lobes, or irregularly pinnatifid lobed into 26 lobes, apex long acuminate; lobes linear-lanceolate, 310 Χ 0.61.8 cm, margin undulate; veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or forked. Sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins, up to margin of lamina, sometimes interrupted covered by peltate paraphyses when young.
In valley forests. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam].
Nooteboom (1997, 1998[??page citation]) regarded Colysis hemitoma as a hybrid between C. macrophyllus and C. elliptica. [Polypodium (Selliguea) sp. n. C. Chr. ex Y. C. Wu; -- ??what is this]
新店线蕨 xin dian xian jue
Polypodium shintenense Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8: 154. 1919; Colysis elliptica (Thunberg) Ching var. pothifolia (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) Ching f. simplex Ching; C. simplicifrons (H. Christ) Tagawa; C. wrightii (Hooker) Ching var. lacerata Nakai; Leptochilus Χ hemitomus (Hance) Nooteboom, p.p.
Rhizome slender, long creeping, 35 mm in diam.; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, 14.6 Χ 0.21 mm, margin denticulate, apex long acuminate. Fronds monomorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 1540 cm; lamina deltoid-lanceolate, 2550 Χ 35 cm, base attenuate, margin entire or undulate, or with 13 pairs lobes; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 310 Χ 0.61.8 cm; veinlets forming 2 rows of areoles between two adjacent lateral veins, free included veinlets simple or forked. Sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins, up to margin of lamina.
On rocks in dense wet forests. Taiwan [Japan].
线蕨 xian jue
Rhizome slender, long creeping; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.17.6 Χ 0.62.3 mm, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds subdimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 6.548 cm; lamina deeply pinnatifid, oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2070 Χ 822 cm; lobes 311 pairs, linear or linear-lanceolate, 4.515 Χ 0.32.2 cm, base narrowly cuneate and decurrent, forming narrow (up to 6 mm wide) wings on rachis, entire or slightly undulate, apex long acuminate; fertile fronds with longer stipes than sterile ones, pinnae or lobes narrow; lamina papery, dark brown, glabrous; sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins.
[??distribution]
1a. Fronds pinnatifid to a broad wing on each side of rachis, margin distinctly undulate-repand . 9c. var. flexiloba
1b. Fronds pinnatifid to not or slightly winged on each side of rachis, margin entire or sometimes indistinctly slightly undulate.
2a. Pinnae 59 pairs.
3a.... Plant 3050 cm, fronds subdimorphic, papery, veins and veinlets indistinct, largest lobe 712 Χ 0.91.6 cm, rhizome 2.54.5 mm wide ............................................ 9a. var. elliptica
3b.... Plant 60100 cm, fronds monomorphic, herbaceous, veins and veinlets distinct, largest lobe 1524 Χ 1.72.8 cm, rhizome 510 mm wide .................................. 9b. var. pothifolia
2b. Pinnae 25 pairs.
4a.... Frond subleathery, lamina 1730 cm, less than 12 cm wide, largest lobe 58 Χ 1.42.2 cm .......................................................................................................... 9d. var. longipes
4b.... Frond herbaceous, lamina 4070Χ1222 cm, largest lobe 1118 Χ 2.23.7 cm 9e. var. pentaphylla
线蕨(原变种) xian jue (yuan bian zhong)
Polypodium ellipticum Thunberg, Syst. Veg., ed. 14 (J. A. Murray) 935. 1784; Colysis boisii (H. Christ) Ching; C. morsei Ching; Leptochilus ellipticus (Thunberg) Nooteboom; P. ellipticum f. brevis Y. C. Wu; P. ellipticum var. typica Makino & Matsuda, [nom. invalid]; Selliguea coraiensis H. Christ.
Rhizome slender, long creeping; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.17.6 Χ 0.62.3 mm, margin sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate. Fronds subdimorphic, distant, herbaceous, glabrous; stipe stramineous, 6.548 cm; lamina deeply pinnatifid, oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2070 Χ 822 cm; lobes 311 pairs, linear or linear-lanceolate, 4.515 Χ 0.32.2 cm, base narrowly cuneate and decurrent, forming narrow (up to 6 mm wide) wings on rachis, entire or slightly undulate, apex long acuminate; fertile fronds with longer stipes than sterile ones, pinnae or lobes narrow; lamina papery, dark brown, glabrous; sori linear, one regular row between lateral veins.
Forests, on slopes or on rocks beside streams; 1002500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, S Korea, Vietnam].
宽羽线蕨 kuan yu xian jue
Hemionitis pothifolia Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 13. 1825; Colysis elegans Sa. Kurata; C. flavescens (Ching) Nakaike, S. Matsumoto & V. L. Gurung; C. Χ kiusiana Sa. Kurata; C. leptophylla H. Itτ; C. pothifolia (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) C. Presl; C. pothifolia f. bipinnatifida H. Itτ; C. pothifolia var. membranacea Nakai; Selliguea pothifolia (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) J. Smith.
Rhizome very thick, up to 1 cm in diam. Fronds large, up to 70100 cm; pinnae 714 pairs, 1331 Χ 0.33.6 cm.
In forests, on rocks. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
曲边线蕨 qu bian xian jue
Polypodium flexilobum H. Christ, Bull. Acad. Int. Geogr. Bot. 1904: 107. 1904; [??Colysis dissimiliata Ching]; Colysis latiloba Ching; C. sanjiangensis H. G. Zhou & Hua Li; P. dissimilialatum Bonaparte; P. flexilobum H. Christ var. undulato-repandum C. Christensen [??not in Tropicos].
Pinnatifid lobes with a broad wing along rachis, up to 0.23.2 cm wide, margin of lobes undulate and crisped.
In forests. Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Vietnam].
长柄线蕨 chang bing xian jue
Colysis longipes Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 4: 332. 1933.
Fronds small, pinnatifid lobes only 2 or 3 pairs, lamina yellow-green[??lamina color], thick, deltoid, veinlets obscure.
* On wet rocks in forests. Hainan.
滇线蕨 dian xian jue
Gymnogramme pentaphylla Baker, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1898: 233. 1898; Polypodium ellipticum Thunberg var. pentaphyllum (Baker) C. Christensen; P. mediosorum Ching; P. pentaphyllum H. Christ (1906), not Baker (1891).
Rhizome scales spreading, large, pale brown and shiny, membranous. Pinnatifid lobes 28 pairs, lobes 1.75 cm wide at middle.
· In forest; 5001500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Xizang, Yunnan.
掌叶线蕨 zhang ye xian jue
Gymnogramme digitata Baker, J. Bot. 28: 267. 1890; Colysis digitata f. annamensis (H. Christ) Ching; C. digitata f. cadieri (H. Christ) Ching; C. digitata f. laciniata Ching; C. triphylla Ching & Chu H. Wang; Leptochilus digitatus (Baker) Nooteboom; Polypodium ampelideum H. Christ; P. annamense H. Christ; P. cadieri H. Christ; P. digitatum (Baker) C. Christensen; P. podopterum H. Christ.
Rhizome slender, long creeping, 35 mm in diam.; scales narrowly ovate or triangular, 1.56.6 Χ 11.7 mm, margin denticulate, apex long acuminate to hairlike. Fronds not or slightly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous; stipe stramineous, 2030 cm; lamina pedately dissected, trifid, unequally trifid, or simple, 818 Χ 826 cm, widest below middle, base cuneate-angustate to cuneate, margin entire or undulate; longest lobes widest below middle; apical lobe 1018 Χ 1.54 cm, widest about middle or widest below middle; veins ± immersed and indistinct, or prominent and distinct, free included veinlets simple or once forked. Sori linear, one row between two lateral veins, superficial or slightly immersed, on whole surface of lamina.
On rocks by streams, or climbing on lower tree trunks; sea level up to 1400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [Vietnam].
Rarely, some or all of the fertile fronds of Colysis digitata have very narrow linear lobes, sometimes simple leaves occur.
薄唇蕨属 bo chun jue shu
Plants epiphytic, rather small, with long-creeping stem covered with scales; scales peltate, ovate, acuminate, clathrate, margin entire or with long teeth with 1- or 2-celled, glandular marginal projections. Fronds remote, articulate, dimorphic. Sterile fronds: stipe absent or very short, lamina simple, entire, lanceolate, herbaceous; veins anastomosing, areoles regular, decreasing in size toward margin, with re- and excurrent free veins. Fertile fronds: stipe short to long, lamina extremely contracted, linear; sporangia marginally inserted, acrostichoid in appearance, long-stalked; annulus with 14 indurate cells; receptacular hairs multicellular of the spore length[??]; surface plane with spherical deposits and short echinate elements. n = 36.
Five species: tropical Asia; three species in S China.
1a. Rhizome flattened, covered with small, narrow, lanceolate scales, roots absent or rare at young age, with circumvascular sheaths in cortex only .................................................................... 1. L. axillaris
1b. Rhizome flattened or round, densely covered with large, broad lanceolate scales, producing sparse or dense roots, with circumvascular sheaths and scattered strands of sclerenchyma in cortex.
2a. Sterile fronds long, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, decurrent at base; apical part acute or acuminate; spore surface with globules and spines ...................................................................... 2. L. decurrens
2b. Sterile fronds short, ovate or deltoid, cordate at base, apical part obtuse; spore surface with globules only 3. L. cantoniensis
薄唇蕨 buo chu jue
Acrostichum axillare Cavanilles, Anales Hist. Nat. 1: 101. 1799; Gymnopteris axillaris (Cavanilles) C. Presl var. axillaris Beddome[??not in Tropicos]; Leptochilus platyphyllus Copeland.
Rhizome 1.53.5 mm in diam., dorso-ventrally flattened, not white waxy, bearing scales and hairs, with only circumvascular sheaths; vascular bundles 715; roots absent, root hairs on rhizome; scales peltate, sparsely set, distinctly spreading, narrowly ovate or triangular, broadest at middle, 0.52 Χ 0.10.2 mm, margin denticulate, clathrate or subclathrate; phyllopodia 380 mm apart, ± distinct. Fronds strongly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous; lamina simple, narrowly elliptic or narrowly ovate, 936 Χ 1.16.5 cm; 310[??], abaxial surface without acicular hairs, with short glandular hairs [??abaxially], base narrowly angustate, stipe winged for a considerable part to cuneate-angustate to cuneate to cordate, auriculate, margin entire; stipe 29 cm, 0.91.5 mm in diam. Lamina of fertile fronds simple, linear, 1530 Χ 0.10.5 cm; stipe present, 27 cm; venation type 2: connecting veins forming ± one row of more or less equally sized areoles between two adjacent veins, and each costal areole giving rise to two lateral veins, thus lateral veins seemingly branching at or near costa, costal areole bordered by several smaller areoles; veins 710 mm apart, prominent and distinct, zigzag, a prominent basiscopic (or sometimes acroscopic) connecting vein dichotomously branching off near costa; connecting veins catadromous, 24 between adjacent secondary veins; smaller veins prominent and distinct; free veinlets simple or once forked, usually in- and excurrent. Sori acrostichoid; superficial or slightly immersed; paraphyses present.
Epiphytic in forests. Guizhou, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand].
似薄唇蕨 si buo chun jue
Acrostichum lanceolatum Hooker (1864), not Linnaeus (1753), nor Roxburgh (1816); A. listeri Baker; A. variabile Hooker; A. variabile var. laciniatum Hooker; Campium decurrens Copeland; C. laciniatum Copeland; C. lanceolatum Copeland; Colysis decurrens (Blume) Manickam & Irudayaraj (1997), not (Blume) Panigrahi (1991), nor (Wallich ex Hooker & Greville) Nakaike (1992), nom. illeg.; C. evrardii Tardieu; C. poilanei C. Christensen & Tardieu; Dendroglossa zeylanica (Fιe) Copeland; Gymnopteris fιei f. anomala Beddome; Gymnopteris fιei var. pinnatifida Beddome; Gymnopteris fιei var. triloba Beddome; Gymnopteris wallichiana C. Presl; Leptochilus hilocarpus Fιe; L. laciniatus (Hooker) Ching; L. laciniatus var. simplex Ching; L. lanceolatus Fιe; L. thwaitesianus Fιe; L. trifidus Alderwerelt; L. zeylanicus Fιe; Paraleptochilus decurrens (Blume) Copeland; Pleopeltis fιei Alderwerelt.
Rhizome 2.53 mm in diam.; dorso-ventrally flattened, not white waxy, with only scattered strands of sclerenchyma (rarely also in ca. 6 bundle sheaths); sclerenchyma strands 20100; roots densely set; scales pseudopeltate (sometimes peltate), densely set, slightly spreading, narrowly ovate or triangular, broadest below middle, 25 Χ 0.31 mm, margin denticulate, clathrate or subclathrate; cells longitudinally rectangular (towards apex); central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young, or central region glabrous; phyllopodia 17 mm apart, ± distinct. Fronds strongly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous to herbaceous; lamina simple, narrowly ovate to ovate (to narrowly obovate), 1050 Χ 2.511 cm, abaxial surface without acicular hairs, with short glandular hairs; stipe present or absent, lamina decurrent to its base, only two ridges left; stipe up to 18 cm, 1.21.7 mm in diam. Lamina of fertile fronds simple, linear to narrowly ovate to ovate, 0.11 cm wide; stipe present, 1450 cm; venation type 1: connecting veins forming one row of nearly equally sized areoles between two adjacent veins and no prominent veinlet situated parallel to veins, or type 2: connecting veins forming ± one row of nearly equally sized areoles between two adjacent veins, and each costal areole giving rise to two lateral veins, thus lateral veins seemingly branching at or near costa, costal areole bordered by several smaller areoles; veins 512 mm apart, prominent and distinct, ± straight or zigzag, dichotomously branched near margin, or below middle, no prominent connecting basiscopic vein branching off near costa; connecting veins anadromous, 38 between adjacent secondary veins; smaller veins ± immersed and indistinct; free veinlets simple to once forked, mainly in- or excurrent. Sori acrostichoid, on whole surface of lamina; paraphyses present.
Epilithic or epiphytic on trunk bases, sometimes terrestrial, beside streams in forests; 1001800 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Malesia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
心叶薄唇蕨 xin ye buo chun jue
Gymnogramma cantoniense Baker, Hookers Icon. Pl. 17: t. 1685. 1887; Campium cantoniense Ching; Dendroglossa cantoniensis (Baker) Copeland; Polypodium cantoniense C. Christensen [??not Baker (1879)].
Rhizome 12 mm in diam., rounded, not white waxy, with only scattered strands of sclerenchyma; sclerenchyma strands 1050; roots sparsely set; scales pseudopeltate, densely set, slightly spreading, ovate or triangular, broadest below middle, 1.52.5 Χ 0.51 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex acute, clathrate or subclathrate; cells longitudinally rectangular; central region bearing multiseptate hairs at least when young, obscure. Fronds strongly dimorphic, thinly herbaceous to herbaceous; lamina simple, ovate to deltoid; 27 Χ 1.54 cm, 1.62 ??, abaxial surface without acicular hairs, base truncate to truncate-angustate to cordate, auriculate, margin entire, apex rounded; stipe present, 111 cm, 0.51 mm in diam. Lamina of fertile fronds simple, linear, 1.515 Χ 0.10.5 cm; stipe present, 1230 cm; venation type 2: connecting veins forming ± one row of about equally sized areoles between two adjacent veins, and each costal areole giving rise to two lateral veins, thus lateral veins seemingly branching at or near costa, costal areole bordered by several smaller areoles; veins 12 mm apart, ± immersed and indistinct, zigzag, dichotomously branched near margin, a prominent basiscopic (or sometimes acroscopic) connecting vein dichotomously branching off near costa, 2 or 3 between adjacent secondary veins, smaller veins ± immersed and indistinct, marginal vein absent. Sori acrostichoid; paraphyses present, simple uniseriate hairs with glandular top cells.
On rocks along streams. Guangdong, Hainan [Vietnam].